Telegraphy.



W. M. BRUCE, JR.

TELEGRAPHY. APELIG ATION FILED AUG. 24, l0 12.

Patented 861313.23, 1913.

I all whom it may concern;

r Be it known that I, WILLIAM I at Springfield, in the county of Clark and UNITED strAf'rns mess-wanes,

WILLIAM M. BRUCE, infer cnnr'n & CABLE commuter SPRINGFIELD, onto; rstncmrnr.

Specification of Letters Patent,

SPRINGFIELD, onto, I As'smnoa are THE UNITED, TELE- A CORPORATION OF 01110.

Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usef' l Improvements in Telegraphy, of

' which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in telegraphy and the object of the invention is "to provide a system of telegraphy in which telegraphing may be accomplished by the ordinary make and break circuitsand through lines of high resistance and of large Capacity without interference from either the resistance, each current or capacity troubles.

- Heretofore in the ordinary telegraphing system it has been diflicult to work over long and the current capacity and so far as I know all telegraphing has been aclines owing to the resistance complished practically only by use .of a direct current. I accomplish the object herein sought and make it possible to telegraph over lines and cables of any length and size by using alternating current and providing -m eans for absorbing the alternations without interfering with the make and break im ulses used for operatin'gthe usual receiv- 111g instruments.

- sentially in employing in connection with a Briefly stated the invention consists estelegraph line an alternating or interrupted current with the usual transmitter and a delicately adjusted relay which will not only respond to the alternations of current but also to the impulses caused by the make and break by the transmitter and this relay is adapted to repeat into a local circuit in Which is located a second relay rendered slow or sluggish in a suitable way bycopper jacket or otherwise so that the rapid vibration caused by the current alternations would keep this slow relay energized but the impulses caused by the make and break of the main line current would not be sufliciently rapid'to retain this relay energized and hence relay would respond to the second or slow the make and break impulses but would not respond to the rapid alternations of the main line and relay. This second and sluggish relay can be made to repeat into any desired local circuit containin any usual form of receiving instrument, either a sounder or reapplication filed August 24,1912; Serial No. nan-0.v .7

M. BnUoE,

- a to any desired distance of relays h and -to any point desired. The

instrument if desired. v I

In the accompanying drawing I have illustrated my improved system of telegraphy by means of a diagrammatic drawing, in which a represents a main telegraph line oricable of I any desired length, I) is an alternating current generator of any of which may be grounded at G and the other pole connected to line wire 0 and to any suitable make and break transmitter d, "such as the usual telegraph key or other form of transmitter,r'thence by wire 'e a'nd condenser f and wire 9 to relay h and by line and to any 'number relay h is preferably a relay of high resistance and is provided with a delicate! adjust ment so as, to respond to any vibrations or impulses which niay'pass through it: The armature spring 1 of the relay! when energized, engages contact 2 which is connected by wire 3 to a 1, relay 5, wire 6 tos'prin'g 1, thus making a local battery circuitincluding the relay 5. Thisrelay 5 is of the sluggish type and does usual form, one pole sameness a ms. I

cording instrument or" could be so'cons'truch ed that it could operate'itself as a=rece1v ng local battery Band-line wire not differ materially from the usual slow re-.

lays which are employed-in automatic telephony for remaining energized and thus holdinga circuit closed while impulses of current are-passing through it, while'other or normal relays in the same circuit are re-v sponding to the impulses. It is adjusted so that while it will not-respond to alternations of an ordinary alternating current which are repeated by the relay h' but will be d energized by current interruptions of any considerable length. Thisrelay 5 is provided with circuit 9, 10, 11, 12, 18, 1 1 and 15v which includes any suitable form of receiving device ployed. The alternating current used is" a the usual armature contacts 7 and 8 in a local '16. This may be the usual telegraph I preferably of low frequency, say,-from--1() t0 20 cycles. By manipulatingthe sending device d, which is an ordinar telegraph key, the slow relay will respon to the current interruptions and repeat these to the receiving device 16 exactly the same way as if a direct current was employed, with the usual relayrepe'ate'r. The relay 7 will respond not only to the alternate current v1-, 'brations, but also to the impulses from the make and-brealcsending device but the relay 5 will remain energized so long as the vibrations caused by the alternations of the current are passing through the relay h, but it Wlll 'be'de'nergized when the current is broken y the transmitting device, and in this way any ordinary or known system of make and break telegraphy can be employed over high resistance lines and, by the aid of an alter- "nating current.

By this system lines, such as oceancables, which are now operated with considerable dih'iculty' and require very delicate ad]usted instruments and large conductors and then I operated ata minimum speed, can be operated at ,a maximum speed with small conductors. and the usual instruments as neither the resistance or capacity influences will vaffect thejalternating current and the alternations will'be absorbed-by the slow relay so that the result will be the same as though a direct current were employed.

. The condenser f is. preferably used the terminals or stations to prevent the electro static disturbances of earthcurrent.

,I haveusedthis system. through 240,000 v ohms of resistance with the. ordinary alter- 1 nating current such as furnished from harmonic ringing devices of twenty cycles,

while the maxnnum as used in telegraph, 1n the use of direct current, is approximately 5000 ohms. The; relays which were employed in this were .for the line relays approximately; 2000 ohmsand for thelocal or slow relay approximatelyone ohm and furnished with the usual copper jackets of relays of this type.

main line, a source' of alternating current,

. ing, an eleclroanagnet orrelav slmver to operate than the 'l ne zrlay and arranged to ill current al l i-nations transmitters in said line, and line relays in serleswlth said transmitters adapted to re spond to the alternations and to the inter- .ruptions of the trausnnlter,

and a secondary circuit controlled by said lint relay includdevice in said line whereby said slow why will respond to the current interruptions by th e make and break device but Wlll 'not respond to tlie'current vibrations of the current alternations, as set forth.

,3. In a system of telegraphy, a mum hne,

a source of alternating current, a current interrupter, a condenser and a relay. inserles in said line, said relay being adapted to respond to the current interrupter. and to the current alternations, a second relay adapted to remain energized by the current alternations in circuit with the repeating armature ofsaid first relay and respond to the current interruptions and a source of current supply for said second relay and a receiving mstrument in a local circuit controlled by the armature of said second relay.

4. In a system of telegraphy, a line relay and a second or sluggish relay controlle thereby, said line relay being. adapted to re-' spond to rapid vibrations of current and retain said sluggish relay energized and said sluggish relaybeing adapted to be dener- -gized by a less rapid vibration or impulse ,transmitterover said line and through the line relay to said slow relay.

5.- In a'system of telegraphy, a main line, a source of alternating current to said line, means in said line for responding to the vibrations of said current and transmitting them into a local circuitand a slow relay in said local circuit adapted'to absorb the said vibrations but respond to interruptions of less frequency.

6. In a system of telegraphy, a main line, a source of alternating current to said line,

means in said line for respondingto vibrations of said current and transmitting them into a local circuit, and a slow relay in said local circuit adapted to absorb the said. vibrations, but respond to interruptions ofv less frequency, and a second local circuit including a sounder controlled by said slow relay so'that the interruptions of less frequency will be repeated to said sounder by said slow relay.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set myihand. this 17th day of Augu.-;t 19l2.

; WILLIAM M. BRUQ Witnesses:

CHASL 1. 15L011, EFFA -l /l.' SMITH.

' Copies of this pa' 'nt' may be obtained fhr five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

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